z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright Herschel galaxies: II. Dust properties
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023
We present the dust properties of 125 bright Herschel galaxies selected from the z-GAL NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey. All the galaxies have precise spectroscopic redshifts in the range 1.3 < z < 5.4. The large instantaneous bandwidth of NOEMA provides an exquisite sampling of the underlying dust continuum emission at 2 and 3 mm in the observed frame, with flux densities in at least four sidebands for each source. Together with the available Herschel 250, 350, and 500 μm and SCUBA-2 850 μm flux densities, the spectral energy distribution (SED) of each source can be analyzed from the far-infrared to the millimeter, with a fine sampling of the Rayleigh-Jeans tail. This wealth of data provides a solid basis to derive robust dust properties, in particular the dust emissivity index (β) and the dust temperature (Tdust). In order to demonstrate our ability to constrain the dust properties, we used a flux-generated mock catalog and analyzed the results under the assumption of an optically thin and optically thick modified black body emission. The robustness of the SED sampling for the z-GAL sources is highlighted by the mock analysis that showed high accuracy in estimating the continuum dust properties. These findings provided the basis for our detailed analysis of the z-GAL continuum data. We report a range of dust emissivities with β ∼1.5 -3 estimated up to high precision with relative uncertainties that vary in the range 7% 15%, and an average of 2.2 ± 0.3. We find dust temperatures varying from 20 to 50 K with an average of Tdust., ∼30 K for the optically thin case and Tdust., ∼38 K in the optically thick case. For all the sources, we estimate the dust masses and apparent infrared luminosities (based on the optically thin approach). An inverse correlation is found between Tdust and β with β Tdust-0.69, which is similar to what is seen in the local Universe. Finally, we report an increasing trend in the dust temperature as a function of redshift at a rate of 6.5 ±0.5 K/z for this 500 μm-selected sample. Based on this study, future prospects are outlined to further explore the evolution of dust temperature across cosmic time.
Submillimeter: galaxies
Infrared: galaxies
Galaxies: evolution
Galaxies: high-redshift
Författare
D. Ismail
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
A. Beelen
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
V. Buat
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
S. Berta
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
P. Cox
Institut d 'Astrophysique de Paris
F. Stanley
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
A. J. Young
Rutgers University
S. Jin
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
R. Neri
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Tom Bakx
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
Nagoya University
H. Dannerbauer
Universidad de la Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
K. M. Butler
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
A. Cooray
University of California at Irvine (UCI)
A. Nanni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Narodowe Centrum Badan Jadrowych
A.A. Omont
Institut d 'Astrophysique de Paris
S. Serjeant
Open University
P. van der Werf
Universiteit Leiden
C. Vlahakis
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
A. Weiã
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Chentao Yang
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
A. J. Baker
University of the Western Cape
Rutgers University
G. J. Bendo
University of Manchester
E. Borsato
Università di Padova
N. Chartab
University of California at Irvine (UCI)
S. Dye
University of Nottingham
S. Eales
Cardiff University
R. Gavazzi
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
D. Hughes
Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrońica
R. J. Ivison
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Macquarie University
University of Edinburgh
B. M. Jones
Universität zu Köln
M. Krips
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
M. Lehnert
CRAL Le Centre de Recherche Astronomique de Lyon
L. Marchetti
University of the Western Cape
Istituto di Radioastronomia
H. Messias
Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA)
European Southern Observatory Santiago
M. Negrello
Cardiff University
I. Perez-Fournon
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
D. A. Riechers
Universität zu Köln
S. Urquhart
Open University
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 678 A27Exploring the Hidden Dusty Nuclei of Galaxies (HIDDeN)
Europeiska forskningsrådet (ERC) (789410), 2018-10-01 -- 2023-09-30.
Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202346804