Atmospheric mercury concentrations observed at ground-based monitoring sites globally distributed in the framework of the GMOS network
Journal article, 2016
Long-term monitoring of data of ambient mercury (Hg) on a global scale to assess its emission, transport, atmospheric chemistry, and deposition processes is vital to understanding the impact of Hg pollution on the environment. The Global Mercury Observation System (GMOS) project was funded by the European Commission (http://www.gmos.eu) and started in November 2010 with the overall goal to develop a coordinated global observing system to monitor Hg on a global scale, including a large network of ground-based monitoring stations, ad hoc periodic oceanographic cruises and measurement flights in the lower and upper troposphere as well as in the lower stratosphere. To date, more than 40 ground-based monitoring sites constitute the global network covering many regions where little to no observational data were available before GMOS. This work presents atmospheric Hg concentrations recorded worldwide in the framework of the GMOS project (2010-2015), analyzing Hg measurement results in terms of temporal trends, seasonality and comparability within the network. Major findings highlighted in this paper include a clear gradient of Hg concentrations between the Northern and Southern hemispheres, confirming that the gradient observed is mostly driven by local and regional sources, which can be anthropogenic, natural or a combination of both.
Author
F. Sprovieri
CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende
N. Pirrone
CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rome
M. Bencardino
CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende
F. D'Amore
CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende
F. Carbone
CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende
S. Cinnirella
CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende
V. Mannarino
CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende
M. Landis
United States Environmental Protection Agency
R. Ebinghaus
Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht - Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH
A. Weigelt
Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht - Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH
E. G. Brunke
South African Weather Service
C. Labuschagne
South African Weather Service
L. Martin
South African Weather Service
John Munthe
IVL Svenska Miljoinstitutet
I. Wangberg
IVL Svenska Miljoinstitutet
P. Artaxo
Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP
F. Morais
Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP
H. D. J. Barbosa
Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP
J. Brito
Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP
W. Cairns
Universita Ca' Foscari Venezia
C. Barbante
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Universita Ca' Foscari Venezia
M. D. Dieguez
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas
P. E. Garcia
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas
A. Dommergue
Universite Grenoble Alpes
CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
H. Angot
CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Universite Grenoble Alpes
O. Magand
Universite Grenoble Alpes
CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
H. Skov
Aarhus Universitet
M. Horvat
Jozef Stefan Institute
J. Kotnik
Jozef Stefan Institute
K. A. Read
University of York
L. M. Neves
Cape Verde Observatory
B. M. Gawlik
European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra
F. Sena
European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra
N. Mashyanov
Saint Petersburg State University
V. Obolkin
Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
D. Wip
Anton de Kom Universiteit van Suriname
X. Bin Feng
Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
H. Zhang
Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
X. W. Fu
Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
R. Ramachandran
Anna University
D. Cossa
IFREMER - Centre de Toulon
J. Knoery
IFREMER Centre de Nantes
N. Marusczak
IFREMER - Centre de Toulon
Michelle Nerentorp
Chalmers, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Energy and Material
C. Norstrom
Aarhus Universitet
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
1680-7316 (ISSN) 1680-7324 (eISSN)
Vol. 16 18 11915-11935Subject Categories (SSIF 2011)
Environmental Sciences
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
DOI
10.5194/acp-16-11915-2016