Chemical vapor deposition of graphene on liquid metal catalysts
Journal article, 2013
Several molten metals and their alloys were used for graphene growth by atmosphere pressure chemical vapor deposition. It was found that liquid gallium (Ga) has very effective catalytic ability for graphene formation. Graphene with a controllable thickness and quality can be synthesized on a molten Ga surface only in a few minutes. Compared to solid catalysts, several new and unexpected results have been observed on Ga surface including graphene formation on a liquid surface at high temperature and keeping on a liquid surface at room temperature, time-dependent thickness control and a decrease in quality with increasing hydrogen flow. These growth characteristics can be attributed to the distinct differences in physical/chemical properties of liquid catalysts versus solids, and consequently distinct catalytic behaviors with the precursor gas. Other molten metals and alloys, including indium, tin, tin-nickle and tin-copper etc., were also explored for graphene synthesis. Use of liquid catalysts opens a new window for graphene synthesis.
amorphous-carbon
growth
gallium
substrate
temperature
monolayer graphene
copper foils
single-crystal graphene
films
high-quality
Author
G. Q. Ding
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences
Y. Zhu
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences
Changzhou University
Shu Min Wang
Chalmers, Microtechnology and Nanoscience (MC2), Photonics
Q. Gong
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences
L. Sun
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences
T. R. Wu
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences
X. M. Xie
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences
M. H. Jiang
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences
Carbon
0008-6223 (ISSN)
Vol. 53 321-326Subject Categories (SSIF 2011)
Chemical Sciences
DOI
10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.018