Polymorphisms associated with cholesterol and risk of cardiovascular events
Journal article, 2008
Background: Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol modestly affect lipid levels. We tested the hypothesis that a combination of such SNPs contributes to the risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods: We studied SNPs at nine loci in 5414 subjects from the cardiovascular cohort of the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study. We first validated the association between SNPs and either LDL or HDL cholesterol and subsequently created a genotype score on the basis of the number of unfavorable alleles. We used Cox proportional-hazards models to determine the time to the first cardiovascular event in relation to the genotype score. Results: All nine SNPs showed replication of an association with levels of either LDL or HDL cholesterol. With increasing genotype scores, the level of LDL cholesterol increased from 152 mg to 171 mg per deciliter (3.9 to 4.4 mmol per liter), whereas HDL cholesterol decreased from 60 mg to 51 mg per deciliter (1.6 to 1.3 mmol per liter). During follow-up (median, 10.6 years), 238 subjects had a first cardiovascular event. The genotype score was associated with incident cardiovascular disease in models adjusted for covariates including baseline lipid levels (P<0.001). The use of the genotype score did not improve the clinical risk prediction, as assessed by the C statistic. However, there was a significant improvement in risk classification with the use of models that included the genotype score, as compared with those that did not include the genotype score. Conclusions: A genotype score of nine validated SNPs that are associated with modulation in levels of LDL or HDL cholesterol was an independent risk factor for incident cardiovascular disease. The score did not improve risk discrimination but did modestly improve clinical risk reclassification for individual subjects beyond standard clinical factors.
CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE
GENOME
LOCI
CURVE
ARTERY-DISEASE
GENERAL-POPULATION
CONTRIBUTES
TRIGLYCERIDES
MALMO
DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL
Author
S. Kathiresan
Harvard University
Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
O. Melander
Malmo University Hospital
Dragi Anevski
Chalmers, Mathematical Sciences, Mathematical Statistics
University of Gothenburg
C. Guiducci
Harvard University
N. P. Burtt
Harvard University
C. Roos
Malmo University Hospital
J. N. Hirschhorn
Harvard Medical School
Harvard University
Children's Hospital Boston
G. Berglund
Malmo University Hospital
B. Hedblad
Malmo University Hospital
L. Groop
Helsinki University Central Hospital
Malmo University Hospital
D. Altshuler
Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Harvard University
C. Newton-Cheh
Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Harvard University
M. Orho-Melander
Malmo University Hospital
New England Journal of Medicine
0028-4793 (ISSN) 1533-4406 (eISSN)
Vol. 358 12 1240-1249Subject Categories (SSIF 2011)
Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa0706728